Penjelasan 16 TENSES Bahasa Inggris Beserta Contoh Kalimat
Tenses merupakan perubahan kata kerja berdasarkan urutan waktu. Itu yang membedakan Bahasa kita, Bahasa Indonesia dengan Bahasa inggris. Dalam Bahasa Indonesia tidak ada perubahan kata kerja meskipun kejadiannya berlangsung kemarin, sekarang atau besok. Tenses dibagi menjadi PRESENT ( Sekarang ), PAST ( Lampau ), dan FUTURE ( Akan Datang ). Dan jumlah keseluruhannya ada 16 Tenses. Baca juga soal – soal latihan tenses.
Dibawah ini adalah penjelasan 16 Tenses Bahasa Inggris beserta rumus dan contoh kalimatnya.
Menyatakan kebiasaan, fakta, dan peristiwa masa sekarang.
Rumus :
Subject ( I, You, We, They ) = ( + ): Subject + V-1
( – ): Subject + do not + V-1
( ? ): Do + Subject + V-1
Subject ( He, She, It ) = ( + ): Subject + V-1s/es
( – ): Subject + does not + V-1
( ? ): Does + Subject + V-1
Contoh Kalimat :
( + ) Dodi reads a book
( – ) I don’t read a book
( – ) Does he read a book?
Menyatakan peristiwa di masa lampau.
Rumus :
( + ): Subject + V-2
( – ): Subject + did not + V-1
( ? ): Did + Subject + V-1
Contoh Kalimat :
( + ) Dodi went to beach yesterday.
( – ) I didn’t read a book
( – ) Did he read a book?
Menyatakan peristiwa yang akan dilakukan masa sekarang.
Rumus :
( + ): Subject + Will + V-1
( – ): Subject + Will not + V-1
( ? ): Will+ Subject + V-1
Note :
Menggunakan “Going to”:
(+): S + be (am/is/are ) + going to + V-1
( – ): S + be (am/is/are) not + going to + V-1
( ? ): be ( am/is/are ) + S + going to + V-1
Contoh Kalimat :
( + ) Dodi will return the book tomorrow
( – ) I will not buy a book
( – ) will you buy a book?
Menyatakan peristiwa atau tindakan yang sedang berlangsung sekarang atau saat pembicaraan berlangsung.
Rumus:
( + ): S + tobe (am, is are) + Verb I-ing
( – ): S + to be not + Verb I-ing
(?): To be + S + Verb I-ing
Contoh Kalimat :
( + ): She is cooking
( – ): She is not cooking
( ? ): Is she cooking
Present perfect tense adalah bentuk kata kerja yang meyatakan suatu aksi (action) yang dimulah di masa lalu, dan telah selesai pada waktu tertentu sebelum detik ini (sekarang).
- Rumus Present Perfect Tense
Present perfect tense dibentuk dari Subject ditambah auxiliary verb seperti “have” (untuk I, You, They, We) dan “has” (untuk She, He, It) dan ditambah dengan bentuk kata kerja ke-3 atau “Past Participle” (Baik Irregular verb maupun regular verb). Dan Selebihnya dapat ditambah Objek kalimat dan Adverb (Kata keterangan).
Contoh-contoh Kalimat Present Perfect Tense:
-They have walked to the cinema.
(Mereka telah berjalan ke bioskop)
-She has not (hasn’t) wanted me coming here.
(Ia perempuan tidak ingin saya dating kesini)
-The students have studied physic well.
(Murid-murid itu telah belajar pelajaran Fisika dengan sungguh-sungguh)
-The teacher has not come yet.
(Guru itu belum datang)
-You have come to the school .
(Kamu telah datang ke sekolah)
-Nobody has done well.
(Tak seorangpun telah melakukan dengan benar)
-I have gotten much money.
Menyatakan tindakan atau peristiwa yang telah selesai dikerjakan pada masa lalu atau baru dimulai pada masa lalu dan masih berlangsung hingga saat ini.
Rumus:
( + ): S + has/have + been + V1-ing
( – ): S + has/have not + been + V1-ing
( ? ): Has/Have + S + been + V1-ing
Contoh Kalimat :
( + ): She has been eating
( – ): She has not been eating
( ? ): Has shee been eating
Menyatakan peristiwa atau tindakan yang berlangsang di masa lampau dan telah selesai pada waktu sebelum peristiwa lainnya terjadi.
Rumus:
( + ): S + had + V-3
( – ): S + had not + V-3
( ? ): had + S + V-3
Contoh Kalimat :
( + ): The taxi had left
( – ): The taxi had not left
( ? ): Had the taxi left?
Menyatakan peristiwa tau tindakan yang terjedai pada waktu tertentu di masa lalu
Rumus:
( + ): S + was/were + Verb-ing
( – ): S + was/were not + Verb-ing
( ? ): was/were + S + Verb-ing
Contoh Kalimat :
( + ) I was studying last nite
( – ) They were not studying last nite
( ? ) was she studying last nite
Menyatakan suata peristiwa atau tindakan dengan lama waktu tertentu yang telah selasai pada waktu tertentau pada masa lampau
Rumus:
( + ): S+ had + been +Verb-ing
( – ): S + had not + been + Verb-ing
( ? ): Had + S + been + Verb-ing
Contoh :
( + ): They had been studying
( – ): They had not been studying
( ? ): Had they been studying?
Menyatakan peristiwa atau tindakan yang akan sudah selesai pada suatu waktu pada masa mendatang.
Rumus:
( + ): S + will + have + V-3
( – ):S + will not + have + V-3
( ? ): Will + S + have + V-3
Contoh Kalimat:
( + ): They will have studied
( – ): They will not have studied
( ? ): Will they be studied?
Menyatakan peristiwa atau tindakan yang akan sedang terjadi pada suatu waktu tertentu pada masa mendatang
Rumus:
( + ): S + will be + Verb-ing
( – ): S + will not be + Verb-ing
( ? ): Will + S + be + Verb-ing
Contoh Kalimat :
( + ): She will be studying
( – ): She will not be studying
( ? ): Will she be playing
Menyatakan peristiwa atau tindakan yang akan dilakukan yang terjadi di masa lalu
Rumus:
Menggunakan would:
( + ): S + would + V-1
( – ): S + would not + V-1
( ? ): would + S + V-1
Menggunakan going:
( + ): S + was/were + going to + V-1
( – ): S + was/were not + going to + V-1
( ? ): Was/were + S + going to + V-1
Contoh Kalimat :
( + ): They would attend to this seminar
( – ): They were not going attend to this seminar
( ? ): Would they attend
Menyatakan peristiwa atau yang akan sedang dilakukan atau akan sedang terjadi pada masa akan datang ketika berada di masa lalu.
Rumus :
( + ): S + would/should + be + Verb-ing
( – ): S + would/should not + be + Verb-ing
( ? ): Would/should + S + be + Verb-ing?
Contoh Kalimat:
( + ): They would be studying
( – ): They would not be studying
( ? ): Would he be studying?
Menyatakan peristiwa atau tindakan yang akan telah dilakukan pada masa lampau
Rumus:
( + ): S + would/should + have + V-3
( – ): S + would/should + not + have + V-3
( ? ): Would/should + S + have + V-3
Contoh Kalimat:
( + ): Dian would have eaten
( – ): Dian would not have gone
( ? ): Would she have gone?
Menyatakan peristiwa atau tindakan yang telah berlagsung sekian lama pada waktu tertenatu pada masa yang akan datang.
Rumus:
( + ): S + will + have + been + Verb-ing
( – ): S + will not + have + been + Verb-ing
( ? ): Will + S + have + been + Verb-ing
Contoh Kalimat:
( + ): Doni will have been eating
( – ): Doni will not have been eating
( ? ): Will they have been eating?
Menyatakan peristiwa atau tindakan yang akan sudah berlangsung dalam waktu lama pada durasi waktu tertentu di masa lalu.
Rumus:
( + ): S + would/should + have + been + V-ing
( – ): S + would/should + not + have + been + V-ing
( ? ): Would/should + S + have + been + V-ing
Contoh Kalimat:
( + ): Dian would have been sleeping
( – ): Dian would not have been sleeping
( ? ): Would she have been sleeping?
